Until the Industrial Revolution, the six classical machines were responsible for every mechanical advantage. 0000002338 00000 n
0000018629 00000 n
Finally, you check the Thread Length column for our 1.25 inches deep hole. Be sure to visit our Fastener Tech Data section for even more information. We do at Bayou City Bolt, and let us help you and your company with any of your bolt needs. Per ASME B18.2.3.1M, Table 7, "Thread Lengths," the nominal thread length of metric bolts can be found by: The following table of hex bolt head dimensions was adapted from ASME B18.6.7M, Table 14, "Dimensions of Hex Head Machine Screws." HlW&9
OQ/eF. 0000462811 00000 n
NOTE: This page relies on JavaScript to format equations for proper display. 
See also (link): Bolt Size Chart: Dimensions, Types and Choosing Tips, Quenched and tempered low carbon boron steel, Quenched and tempered medium carbon alloy steel with additives, Quenched and tempered medium carbon steel or carbon steel with additives, Quenched and tempered medium carbon steel, Quenched and tempered low or medium carbon steel, M shows that the bolt uses metric thread, 5 is the bolt shanks nominal diameter in millimeters, 1.0 refers to the thread pitch in millimeters, 20 is the overall length in millimeters, About 0.35 inches of space to keep the bolt flush to the material, Hot-dipped galvanized steel; suitable for outdoor use, Chrome or nickel-plated steel; can be used outdoors, Bronze or brass; expensive and more common in decorative and art pieces. as provided by the standard. 0000001575 00000 n
For example, a thread with a nominal diameter of 6 mm and a pitch of 1 mm is designated as "M6x1.". Today, Canada and the United States remain the only markets with high concentrations of UTS hardware. In general, the first thing that you should do is consider whether youre using a bolt thats shorter or longer than 6 inches. According to ISO, global hardware popularity is split 60% metric, 31% UTS and 9% other. Budynas-Nisbett, "Shigley's Mechanical Engineering Design," 8th Ed. When you fasten a bolt into a threaded hole, it holds the materials like a clamp, which prevents any sliding. Please enable JavaScript. In fact, the bolt diameter is a little smaller and the nut diameter a little larger. hW[O:+VziC()D?3v(m)2=}Fpq`va`(F8Di"$Z(8WL}_H! GOC>8kH'hx(_q'@%yv0y@4Sx,Ank&p;HJq^oJOA!a5fS:^eYJ/g](h!83:SvH-$ Engineering Forum In the 19th century, industrialization and machining advances led to mass-produced and distributed fasteners. 0000064572 00000 n
Threads are normally right handyou turn the screw clockwise to thread it into a nut. These threads are also unlikely to strip if the bolt is made of a soft material. Based on these detailed standards, 91% of threaded fasteners belong to one of these designations. Machine screws are often found in sizes of: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14the larger the number, the larger the screw. hb`````c```T 0000149931 00000 n
0000094522 00000 n
Next, to convert the decimal to millimeters, multiply the decimal by 25.4, which gives you 13.096875mm. Used in drilled and tapped holes which are threaded full length. Type A washers come in 2 series: Narrow and Wide. Lindeburg, Michael R., "Mechanical Engineering Reference Manual for the PE Exam," 13th Ed. Common threads per inch sizes are: 4, 4-1/2, 5, 5-1/2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 48, 56, 72, 80. 0000310181 00000 n
0000467019 00000 n
Definitions of terms are located below the chart. For standard-size bolts, the thread pitch is either fine or coarse. From, Socket Head Cap Screws, Hex Head & Heavy Hex Bolts, & many more. Now, after centuries of metal-working practice, threaded fasteners are manufactured to precision tolerances and must meet the robust demands of todays high-efficiency, high-performance marketplace. Fax: 713-747-3924, Houston SEO Services Provided By TopSpot Internet Marketing. U#de1_cQ5%L jl-L Y@jl32>J] ^M,9?e 3Pe9TVmo@; u+ endstream endobj 9 0 obj <>>>/Lang(en-US)/Metadata 6 0 R/Outlines 3 0 R/PageLayout/SinglePage/Pages 5 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 10 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Tabs/W/Thumb 4 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 11 0 obj <> endobj 12 0 obj <> endobj 13 0 obj <> endobj 14 0 obj <> endobj 15 0 obj <> endobj 16 0 obj [/ICCBased 25 0 R] endobj 17 0 obj <>stream The following equations can be used to calculate dimensions for ISO metric threads. The next clue narrows things down for us. The diameter of wood screws, sheet metal screws and other fasteners that are not used with a nut are specified by a one or two digit number such as: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 24 (not all screws are available in all sizes). Most fasteners fall into coarse and fine categories, but there is also extra fine and other designations. trailer <]/Prev 81832>> startxref 0 %%EOF 66 0 obj <>stream Metric bolts, however, have super fine thread pitchgranted that only bolts M10 and M12 have super fine thread pitch options. fasteners, Anchor Bolt and Construction Fastener Manufacturer, Portland Bolt & Manufacturing Company, LLC. This page provides tables listing sizes of inch and metric bolts, nuts, and washers. %PDF-1.5 % The blank is deformed by dies to create the helical peaks and valleys that wrap around the bolt shaft. 0000359625 00000 n After all, most compound machines are hybrids of simple machines. In the standard chart, a bolts tensile strength is represented as grade radial marks on top of the bolts head. The following equations can be used to calculate internal thread dimensions for Unified Inch threads: The following table of flat washer dimensions was adapted from ASME B18.21.1, Table 11 for Type A Plain Washers. Theyre commonly used in automotive applications and construction. Use the dimensions of your bolt to determine the appropriate size nut. Coarse threads are thicker and more durable than fine-threaded hardware.
Thread fit categorizes the tolerances between the peaks and valleys (crests and roots) of mating threaded hardware. bolts and 9/16 in. Every metric bolt is assigned a class number in terms of megapascals (MPa). This is a #4 diameter by 1/2 inch long wood screw that has a slotted oval head. 0000389442 00000 n 0000062049 00000 n Check out our bolted joint calculator based on the methodology described here. Please try again.
These are also more useful for precision applications. The minimum hole diameters are given. First, look at the chart and find bolts that have a half-inch diameter. In this article, before we look into step-by-step instructions to read a bolt size chart correctly and quickly, well first learn about some essential bolt physical characteristics and dimensions. In our case, only a 1/2 in. 0000268206 00000 n We offer the lowest minimums in the industry, and sell by the piece or in bulk - you buy only the fasteners you need! 0000422863 00000 n The stress is correlated to the TPI of the bolt. To the naked eye, it might appear that all fastener threads are created equal. The value of H is related to the thread pitch, P by: In the table above, dnom is nominal diameter in millimeters and P is the thread pitch in millimeters. This column is to help you quickly find the equivalent or approximation of metric bolts. First, you need to convert the fraction to decimals. 0000001476 00000 n Only for fast and easy assembly and disassembly; rarely used. Their size is described as diameter, number of threads per inch (if used with a nut or in a threaded hole), and length in inches. The following table of hex bolt head dimensions was adapted from ASME B18.2.1, Table 2, "Dimensions of Hex Bolts.". Coarse pitch threads are preferred and should be used whenever possible, as stated in ASME B1.13M. Smaller thread helix angles also provide superior resistance to vibration in fine-threaded fasteners, a very important consideration. 0000046861 00000 n Why is this math lesson necessary, you say. What about thread fit classes? A bolts name usually indicates its maximum diameter size, which is why a 0.4375-inch bolt is labeled 7/16 or an M24 has the number 24 in its name. Now that weve covered all the technical aspects of a bolt size chart, lets look at an example to cement this information. For example, lets compare the tensile stress area of two screws. 0000051817 00000 n The second column has the tensile strength of each grade measured in PSI, followed by the yield strength in the third column. Alloy 4037 is acceptable. 0000061597 00000 n For instance, a 3/4-10 UNC requires 10 rotations to install 1 inch of the bolt shaft, while a 3/4-16 UNF would require 16 rotations. The following table of hex nut dimensions was adapted from ASME B18.2.2, Table 1-1, "Dimensions of Square and Hex Machine Screw Nuts." Downloads If you need bolts for higher tensile jobs, then class 12.9 and 10.9 are the strongest bolts. Sizes M1.6 - M18, Metric External (Fasteners) Thread and Fastener trailer Thats why we have an additional column in the metric chart below: the Standard Inch Equivalent. Our metric stud bolt to nut table is meant to help determine the correct size bolt or nut for your purpose. Pitch is also described as the number of threads per inch. ANSI Hardware Menu %PDF-1.7 % }0Y]L. Coarse-threaded fasteners can also be installed more quickly. 0000117978 00000 n startxref More significantly, does your supplier know the difference, and can it develop hardware to meet your specific applications? 0000049842 00000 n endstream endobj 22 0 obj <> endobj 23 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 16 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 24 0 obj <> endobj 25 0 obj <>stream 0000185912 00000 n 1bFGsSt&_""agpg2&0YEtpJsan?($qOEoO}yD}V g;GEkMU\Gb-tE The thread size designation for metric thread is given as "M[dia]x[pitch]". ASME B18.2.2, "Nuts for General Applications: Machine Screw Nuts, Hex, Square, Hex Flange, and Coupling Nuts (Inch Series)," The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. [D2C U )"@mH}H(C'? Y endstream endobj startxref 0 %%EOF 1855 0 obj <>stream Chambers, Jeffrey A., "Preloaded Joint Analysis Methodology for Space Flight Systems," NASA Technical Memorandum 106943, 1995. Keep in mind that when I say bolt size, I refer to the bolts shank, not the head. 0000132768 00000 n The sixth column in both charts is the second most essential bolt dimension. 0000030444 00000 n Coarse threads offer clearance for thread plating and are less likely to gall. But neither the external threads of the bolt nor the internal threads of the nut are exactly .500 in diameter. So, next time youre working on a project, you can acquire the bolt dimensions that you need easily. To install or remove a screw, torque is applied to the fastener head. Part of what makes bolt size charts difficult to read is not knowing what the words and numbers mean. 0000004547 00000 n 0000004192 00000 n This results in a thicker diameter before the threads start. Because of their great holding strength, bolts have a broad range of use compared to other fasteners.
This table is used for smaller size hardware. Even in technical parlance, there is often no distinction made between screws and bolts. 0000042272 00000 n These charts can give you a general idea of the tensile strength of standard and metric bolts as well as the material theyre most likely made from. A medium carbon steel hex tap bolt with a machined point, which is fully threaded. In fact, there are two methods used to manufactured threadsrolling and cuttingthat affect fastener functionality. Machinery's Handbook, 27th Ed., Industrial Press Inc., 2004. R2001) Nomenclature, are used.
In the inch series, it is the number of complete threads per inch (if you need to know the pitch of an inch fastener, use the chart below or divide 1 by the number of threads per inch). 8 Thread Series (8UN)is the specified thread forming method for several ASTM standards including A193 B7, A193 B8/B8M, and A320. Consequently, it may not be possible to standardize on coarse or fine threads. 0000454880 00000 n Bolt heads have three essential dimensions: size across the flats, across the corners, and head height. Youll find two extra columns: one for Outside Eye Diameter and one for Inside Eye Diameter. * Click on the nominal size to find products. Heat treated, oil quenched, tempered at 800 Deg (F) min. 0000165725 00000 n Adhesive Dispensing Equipment & Accessories, Chemicals, Lubricants, Paints & Cleaners, Multi-Purpose Tools Corded Parts & Accessories, MIL Spec Fasteners and Aerospace Fasteners. If you want to convert millimeters to inches, you can either divide the figure by 25.4 or multiply it by 0.0394. This section contains tables of sizes for inch thread hardware. Metric thread vs. Unified Thread Standard? 0000001958 00000 n 0000062583 00000 n Plain washers come in 3 series: Regular, Narrow, and Wide. For example, a bolt labeled M10 x 1.5 is a metric bolt with a 10 mm diameter and 1.5 mm between threads. Overall, rolling is a fast, efficient and less costly method of threading blanks. Standards bodies have concluded that its not specifications or manufacturing method that differentiate these fasteners; rather its how they are used. 0000248471 00000 n Because of the larger tensile stress areas, they have high tension strength. Privacy Policy. The truth is that these terms were in use before the advent of machined threaded fasteners, so they are often used interchangeably. There are some constraints, such as limits on thread length and bolt diameters, and some materials are too hard to be cold worked by dies. Thread series cover designations of diameter/pitch combinations that are measured by the number of threads per inch (TPI) applied to a single diameter. Beyond 24 inches, use threaded rod. On the other hand, bolt torque size charts have many variables and different measurements for each bolt grade/class. Sign up for our bi-monthly email newsletter for all the latest! Lowercase letters indicate external threads and uppercase letters indicate internal threads. Additionally, tolerance positions can be of the following types. Five types: grade 4, grade 5, grade 6, grade 7, grade 8, Seven types: grade 3, grade 4, grade 5, grade 6, grade 7, grade 8, grade9. You can screw bolts on anything from drywall, metal, wood, to steel. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. This machine screw is a #0 (very small diameter), has 80 threads to the inch, and is 1/8 inch long; it can be used with a 0-80 nut. 38JD{*.M[a2\;zH;]^oO+OMjV18#[x9L As demonstrated by the equation, it is the screw with the greater TPI that has the larger tensile stress area. 0000117297 00000 n 0000133038 00000 n Of the original six machines, screws were likely the last to be invented, but also the most revolutionary. When the thread pitch is dropped from the specification, it means that the bolt is coarse-threaded. When compared to UTS, 6g metric threads will be very similar to a 2A UTS bolt in terms of thread fit. The following table of thread sizes for coarse and fine thread was adapted from ASME B1.1: The following equations can be used to calculate dimensions for Unified Inch threads: In the table above, dnom is nominal diameter in inches and TPI is threads per inch. In the second column, you have the bolt diameter in decimals or whole numbers. All units are in inches.
Length is simply the length of the screw or bolt, in inches. 0000132261 00000 n Fastener Mart offers a huge selection of quality fasteners and hardware products at the lowest possible priceand we ship them to you FAST! 0000052353 00000 n 0000185545 00000 n 0000001216 00000 n In some cases, you might need to do some conversions if youre working with inches. Try our bolted joint calculator based on the methodology described here. .3754 =/4 x (.75 - (.938794 x (1/16))). The good news is that you can now confidently say that you know all about bolts and bolt size charts. Their smaller pitches and greater TPI equate to better tensile strength, and a larger minor diameter provides better shear strength. 0000060590 00000 n ASME B18.21.1, "Washers: Helical Spring-Lock, Tooth Lock, and Plain Washers (Inch Series)," The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. That way, next time youre using bolts, you can take a quick look at the chart and find out exactly which one to use. 0000061524 00000 n Standards bodies have spent immense effort classifying thread pitch because it determines the thread tensile stress area, which can be discovered with this equation. Fasteners (bolts, screws, etc.) Whether youre a DIY enthusiast, an engineering student, or an experienced machinist, youre probably aware of how much more sturdy your project can be with the right bolts. High-accuracy, high-strength applications; safety. Trying to make sense of all the different screw and bolt thread lengths can be a real challengeeven for the most knowledgeable of professionals. In all cases, the larger the number, the larger the size. In some instances, hardware may actually be labeled with two sets of thread fit measurements. 0000001512 00000 n If the bolt body is the same for all bolt types, then the head is the complete opposite. How to Tighten Your Door Handle Quick & Easy! comprehensive of all available standard threads In the standard size chart, the bolts are labeled as fractions, which happen to be the bolts diameters. Cutting requires a blank rod that is the exact diameter as the bolt specification, and excess material is cut away from the blank to create threads. 21 0 obj <> endobj Coarse threads have a larger threadform relative to screw diameter, whereas fine threads have a smaller threadform relative to screw diameter. hb```c``*``e`fb@ !G#K`[% Remember that the standard bolt size equivalent is an approximation, not a direct equivalence. Training Online Engineering, Fastener Then, when you unscrew the bolt, you wont be able to use another bolt in place. You can see that 1/2 in.
%PDF-1.6 % The first label represents the pitch diameter (the imaginary diameter that cuts the threads halfwaythe distance is equal from the major and minor diameters), while the latter represents the crest diameter, which is the minor diameter on internal threads and the major diameter on external threads. Screws were effective as gear reductions in worm drives.
Online Books & Manuals These bolts are usually made from quenched and tempered medium carbon alloy steel, so they can withstand a tremendous amount of pressure. ]M"%
The following equations can be used to calculate internal thread dimensions for ISO metric threads: The following table of flat washer dimensions was adapted from ASME B18.22M, Table 1, "Dimensions of Metric Plain Washers (General Purpose)."
See also (link): Bolt Size Chart: Dimensions, Types and Choosing Tips, Quenched and tempered low carbon boron steel, Quenched and tempered medium carbon alloy steel with additives, Quenched and tempered medium carbon steel or carbon steel with additives, Quenched and tempered medium carbon steel, Quenched and tempered low or medium carbon steel, M shows that the bolt uses metric thread, 5 is the bolt shanks nominal diameter in millimeters, 1.0 refers to the thread pitch in millimeters, 20 is the overall length in millimeters, About 0.35 inches of space to keep the bolt flush to the material, Hot-dipped galvanized steel; suitable for outdoor use, Chrome or nickel-plated steel; can be used outdoors, Bronze or brass; expensive and more common in decorative and art pieces. as provided by the standard. 0000001575 00000 n
For example, a thread with a nominal diameter of 6 mm and a pitch of 1 mm is designated as "M6x1.". Today, Canada and the United States remain the only markets with high concentrations of UTS hardware. In general, the first thing that you should do is consider whether youre using a bolt thats shorter or longer than 6 inches. According to ISO, global hardware popularity is split 60% metric, 31% UTS and 9% other. Budynas-Nisbett, "Shigley's Mechanical Engineering Design," 8th Ed. When you fasten a bolt into a threaded hole, it holds the materials like a clamp, which prevents any sliding. Please enable JavaScript. In fact, the bolt diameter is a little smaller and the nut diameter a little larger. hW[O:+VziC()D?3v(m)2=}Fpq`va`(F8Di"$Z(8WL}_H! GOC>8kH'hx(_q'@%yv0y@4Sx,Ank&p;HJq^oJOA!a5fS:^eYJ/g](h!83:SvH-$ Engineering Forum In the 19th century, industrialization and machining advances led to mass-produced and distributed fasteners. 0000064572 00000 n
Threads are normally right handyou turn the screw clockwise to thread it into a nut. These threads are also unlikely to strip if the bolt is made of a soft material. Based on these detailed standards, 91% of threaded fasteners belong to one of these designations. Machine screws are often found in sizes of: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14the larger the number, the larger the screw. hb`````c```T 0000149931 00000 n
0000094522 00000 n
Next, to convert the decimal to millimeters, multiply the decimal by 25.4, which gives you 13.096875mm. Used in drilled and tapped holes which are threaded full length. Type A washers come in 2 series: Narrow and Wide. Lindeburg, Michael R., "Mechanical Engineering Reference Manual for the PE Exam," 13th Ed. Common threads per inch sizes are: 4, 4-1/2, 5, 5-1/2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 48, 56, 72, 80. 0000310181 00000 n
0000467019 00000 n
Definitions of terms are located below the chart. For standard-size bolts, the thread pitch is either fine or coarse. From, Socket Head Cap Screws, Hex Head & Heavy Hex Bolts, & many more. Now, after centuries of metal-working practice, threaded fasteners are manufactured to precision tolerances and must meet the robust demands of todays high-efficiency, high-performance marketplace. Fax: 713-747-3924, Houston SEO Services Provided By TopSpot Internet Marketing. U#de1_cQ5%L jl-L Y@jl32>J] ^M,9?e 3Pe9TVmo@; u+ endstream endobj 9 0 obj <>>>/Lang(en-US)/Metadata 6 0 R/Outlines 3 0 R/PageLayout/SinglePage/Pages 5 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 10 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Tabs/W/Thumb 4 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 11 0 obj <> endobj 12 0 obj <> endobj 13 0 obj <> endobj 14 0 obj <> endobj 15 0 obj <> endobj 16 0 obj [/ICCBased 25 0 R] endobj 17 0 obj <>stream The following equations can be used to calculate dimensions for ISO metric threads. The next clue narrows things down for us. The diameter of wood screws, sheet metal screws and other fasteners that are not used with a nut are specified by a one or two digit number such as: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 24 (not all screws are available in all sizes). Most fasteners fall into coarse and fine categories, but there is also extra fine and other designations. trailer <]/Prev 81832>> startxref 0 %%EOF 66 0 obj <>stream Metric bolts, however, have super fine thread pitchgranted that only bolts M10 and M12 have super fine thread pitch options. fasteners, Anchor Bolt and Construction Fastener Manufacturer, Portland Bolt & Manufacturing Company, LLC. This page provides tables listing sizes of inch and metric bolts, nuts, and washers. %PDF-1.5 % The blank is deformed by dies to create the helical peaks and valleys that wrap around the bolt shaft. 0000359625 00000 n After all, most compound machines are hybrids of simple machines. In the standard chart, a bolts tensile strength is represented as grade radial marks on top of the bolts head. The following equations can be used to calculate internal thread dimensions for Unified Inch threads: The following table of flat washer dimensions was adapted from ASME B18.21.1, Table 11 for Type A Plain Washers. Theyre commonly used in automotive applications and construction. Use the dimensions of your bolt to determine the appropriate size nut. Coarse threads are thicker and more durable than fine-threaded hardware.
Thread fit categorizes the tolerances between the peaks and valleys (crests and roots) of mating threaded hardware. bolts and 9/16 in. Every metric bolt is assigned a class number in terms of megapascals (MPa). This is a #4 diameter by 1/2 inch long wood screw that has a slotted oval head. 0000389442 00000 n 0000062049 00000 n Check out our bolted joint calculator based on the methodology described here. Please try again.
These are also more useful for precision applications. The minimum hole diameters are given. First, look at the chart and find bolts that have a half-inch diameter. In this article, before we look into step-by-step instructions to read a bolt size chart correctly and quickly, well first learn about some essential bolt physical characteristics and dimensions. In our case, only a 1/2 in. 0000268206 00000 n We offer the lowest minimums in the industry, and sell by the piece or in bulk - you buy only the fasteners you need! 0000422863 00000 n The stress is correlated to the TPI of the bolt. To the naked eye, it might appear that all fastener threads are created equal. The value of H is related to the thread pitch, P by: In the table above, dnom is nominal diameter in millimeters and P is the thread pitch in millimeters. This column is to help you quickly find the equivalent or approximation of metric bolts. First, you need to convert the fraction to decimals. 0000001476 00000 n Only for fast and easy assembly and disassembly; rarely used. Their size is described as diameter, number of threads per inch (if used with a nut or in a threaded hole), and length in inches. The following table of hex bolt head dimensions was adapted from ASME B18.2.1, Table 2, "Dimensions of Hex Bolts.". Coarse pitch threads are preferred and should be used whenever possible, as stated in ASME B1.13M. Smaller thread helix angles also provide superior resistance to vibration in fine-threaded fasteners, a very important consideration. 0000046861 00000 n Why is this math lesson necessary, you say. What about thread fit classes? A bolts name usually indicates its maximum diameter size, which is why a 0.4375-inch bolt is labeled 7/16 or an M24 has the number 24 in its name. Now that weve covered all the technical aspects of a bolt size chart, lets look at an example to cement this information. For example, lets compare the tensile stress area of two screws. 0000051817 00000 n The second column has the tensile strength of each grade measured in PSI, followed by the yield strength in the third column. Alloy 4037 is acceptable. 0000061597 00000 n For instance, a 3/4-10 UNC requires 10 rotations to install 1 inch of the bolt shaft, while a 3/4-16 UNF would require 16 rotations. The following table of hex nut dimensions was adapted from ASME B18.2.2, Table 1-1, "Dimensions of Square and Hex Machine Screw Nuts." Downloads If you need bolts for higher tensile jobs, then class 12.9 and 10.9 are the strongest bolts. Sizes M1.6 - M18, Metric External (Fasteners) Thread and Fastener trailer Thats why we have an additional column in the metric chart below: the Standard Inch Equivalent. Our metric stud bolt to nut table is meant to help determine the correct size bolt or nut for your purpose. Pitch is also described as the number of threads per inch. ANSI Hardware Menu %PDF-1.7 % }0Y]L. Coarse-threaded fasteners can also be installed more quickly. 0000117978 00000 n startxref More significantly, does your supplier know the difference, and can it develop hardware to meet your specific applications? 0000049842 00000 n endstream endobj 22 0 obj <> endobj 23 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 16 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 24 0 obj <> endobj 25 0 obj <>stream 0000185912 00000 n 1bFGsSt&_""agpg2&0YEtpJsan?($qOEoO}yD}V g;GEkMU\Gb-tE The thread size designation for metric thread is given as "M[dia]x[pitch]". ASME B18.2.2, "Nuts for General Applications: Machine Screw Nuts, Hex, Square, Hex Flange, and Coupling Nuts (Inch Series)," The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. [D2C U )"@mH}H(C'? Y endstream endobj startxref 0 %%EOF 1855 0 obj <>stream Chambers, Jeffrey A., "Preloaded Joint Analysis Methodology for Space Flight Systems," NASA Technical Memorandum 106943, 1995. Keep in mind that when I say bolt size, I refer to the bolts shank, not the head. 0000132768 00000 n The sixth column in both charts is the second most essential bolt dimension. 0000030444 00000 n Coarse threads offer clearance for thread plating and are less likely to gall. But neither the external threads of the bolt nor the internal threads of the nut are exactly .500 in diameter. So, next time youre working on a project, you can acquire the bolt dimensions that you need easily. To install or remove a screw, torque is applied to the fastener head. Part of what makes bolt size charts difficult to read is not knowing what the words and numbers mean. 0000004547 00000 n 0000004192 00000 n This results in a thicker diameter before the threads start. Because of their great holding strength, bolts have a broad range of use compared to other fasteners.
This table is used for smaller size hardware. Even in technical parlance, there is often no distinction made between screws and bolts. 0000042272 00000 n These charts can give you a general idea of the tensile strength of standard and metric bolts as well as the material theyre most likely made from. A medium carbon steel hex tap bolt with a machined point, which is fully threaded. In fact, there are two methods used to manufactured threadsrolling and cuttingthat affect fastener functionality. Machinery's Handbook, 27th Ed., Industrial Press Inc., 2004. R2001) Nomenclature, are used.
In the inch series, it is the number of complete threads per inch (if you need to know the pitch of an inch fastener, use the chart below or divide 1 by the number of threads per inch). 8 Thread Series (8UN)is the specified thread forming method for several ASTM standards including A193 B7, A193 B8/B8M, and A320. Consequently, it may not be possible to standardize on coarse or fine threads. 0000454880 00000 n Bolt heads have three essential dimensions: size across the flats, across the corners, and head height. Youll find two extra columns: one for Outside Eye Diameter and one for Inside Eye Diameter. * Click on the nominal size to find products. Heat treated, oil quenched, tempered at 800 Deg (F) min. 0000165725 00000 n Adhesive Dispensing Equipment & Accessories, Chemicals, Lubricants, Paints & Cleaners, Multi-Purpose Tools Corded Parts & Accessories, MIL Spec Fasteners and Aerospace Fasteners. If you want to convert millimeters to inches, you can either divide the figure by 25.4 or multiply it by 0.0394. This section contains tables of sizes for inch thread hardware. Metric thread vs. Unified Thread Standard? 0000001958 00000 n 0000062583 00000 n Plain washers come in 3 series: Regular, Narrow, and Wide. For example, a bolt labeled M10 x 1.5 is a metric bolt with a 10 mm diameter and 1.5 mm between threads. Overall, rolling is a fast, efficient and less costly method of threading blanks. Standards bodies have concluded that its not specifications or manufacturing method that differentiate these fasteners; rather its how they are used. 0000248471 00000 n Because of the larger tensile stress areas, they have high tension strength. Privacy Policy. The truth is that these terms were in use before the advent of machined threaded fasteners, so they are often used interchangeably. There are some constraints, such as limits on thread length and bolt diameters, and some materials are too hard to be cold worked by dies. Thread series cover designations of diameter/pitch combinations that are measured by the number of threads per inch (TPI) applied to a single diameter. Beyond 24 inches, use threaded rod. On the other hand, bolt torque size charts have many variables and different measurements for each bolt grade/class. Sign up for our bi-monthly email newsletter for all the latest! Lowercase letters indicate external threads and uppercase letters indicate internal threads. Additionally, tolerance positions can be of the following types. Five types: grade 4, grade 5, grade 6, grade 7, grade 8, Seven types: grade 3, grade 4, grade 5, grade 6, grade 7, grade 8, grade9. You can screw bolts on anything from drywall, metal, wood, to steel. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. This machine screw is a #0 (very small diameter), has 80 threads to the inch, and is 1/8 inch long; it can be used with a 0-80 nut. 38JD{*.M[a2\;zH;]^oO+OMjV18#[x9L As demonstrated by the equation, it is the screw with the greater TPI that has the larger tensile stress area. 0000117297 00000 n 0000133038 00000 n Of the original six machines, screws were likely the last to be invented, but also the most revolutionary. When the thread pitch is dropped from the specification, it means that the bolt is coarse-threaded. When compared to UTS, 6g metric threads will be very similar to a 2A UTS bolt in terms of thread fit. The following table of thread sizes for coarse and fine thread was adapted from ASME B1.1: The following equations can be used to calculate dimensions for Unified Inch threads: In the table above, dnom is nominal diameter in inches and TPI is threads per inch. In the second column, you have the bolt diameter in decimals or whole numbers. All units are in inches.
Length is simply the length of the screw or bolt, in inches. 0000132261 00000 n Fastener Mart offers a huge selection of quality fasteners and hardware products at the lowest possible priceand we ship them to you FAST! 0000052353 00000 n 0000185545 00000 n 0000001216 00000 n In some cases, you might need to do some conversions if youre working with inches. Try our bolted joint calculator based on the methodology described here. .3754 =/4 x (.75 - (.938794 x (1/16))). The good news is that you can now confidently say that you know all about bolts and bolt size charts. Their smaller pitches and greater TPI equate to better tensile strength, and a larger minor diameter provides better shear strength. 0000060590 00000 n ASME B18.21.1, "Washers: Helical Spring-Lock, Tooth Lock, and Plain Washers (Inch Series)," The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. That way, next time youre using bolts, you can take a quick look at the chart and find out exactly which one to use. 0000061524 00000 n Standards bodies have spent immense effort classifying thread pitch because it determines the thread tensile stress area, which can be discovered with this equation. Fasteners (bolts, screws, etc.) Whether youre a DIY enthusiast, an engineering student, or an experienced machinist, youre probably aware of how much more sturdy your project can be with the right bolts. High-accuracy, high-strength applications; safety. Trying to make sense of all the different screw and bolt thread lengths can be a real challengeeven for the most knowledgeable of professionals. In all cases, the larger the number, the larger the size. In some instances, hardware may actually be labeled with two sets of thread fit measurements. 0000001512 00000 n If the bolt body is the same for all bolt types, then the head is the complete opposite. How to Tighten Your Door Handle Quick & Easy! comprehensive of all available standard threads In the standard size chart, the bolts are labeled as fractions, which happen to be the bolts diameters. Cutting requires a blank rod that is the exact diameter as the bolt specification, and excess material is cut away from the blank to create threads. 21 0 obj <> endobj Coarse threads have a larger threadform relative to screw diameter, whereas fine threads have a smaller threadform relative to screw diameter. hb```c``*``e`fb@ !G#K`[% Remember that the standard bolt size equivalent is an approximation, not a direct equivalence. Training Online Engineering, Fastener Then, when you unscrew the bolt, you wont be able to use another bolt in place. You can see that 1/2 in.
%PDF-1.6 % The first label represents the pitch diameter (the imaginary diameter that cuts the threads halfwaythe distance is equal from the major and minor diameters), while the latter represents the crest diameter, which is the minor diameter on internal threads and the major diameter on external threads. Screws were effective as gear reductions in worm drives.
Online Books & Manuals These bolts are usually made from quenched and tempered medium carbon alloy steel, so they can withstand a tremendous amount of pressure. ]M"% The following equations can be used to calculate internal thread dimensions for ISO metric threads: The following table of flat washer dimensions was adapted from ASME B18.22M, Table 1, "Dimensions of Metric Plain Washers (General Purpose)."